Combination-lock



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(NoModeL) v '0. P. RAYMOND.

COMBINATION LOOK. No. 541,502.

Patented June 25, 1895.

WITNESSES INVENTGR (No Model.) -v z sheets -sh'eet 2.

(LP. RAYMOND.

COMBINATION 1.001;. No. 541,502 Patented June 25, l895..

WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CYRUS F. RAYMOND, OF DANBURY, CONNECTICUT.

COMBINATION-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 541,502, dated June 25,1895.

Application filed December 6, 1894. Serial No. 530,999. (No model.)

I To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CYRUS F. RAYMOND, a citizen of the United States,residing at Danbury, in the county of Fairfield and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCombination-Locks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention has for its object to provide a simple, inexpensive andpractically nonpickable lock of this class which shall be adapted forgeneral use but more especially adapted for drawers, lockers, 850.,andwhich shall be capable of being opened by the sense of touch or bythe sense of hearing and in which the resistance is determined entirelyfrom the outside by pressure upon the operating knob, thereby enablingthe operator to open it more readily in the dark by the sense of hearingor by the sense of touch should his fingers be numb.

With these ends in view I have devised the novel lock of which thefollowing description in connection with the accompanying drawings is aspecification, letters and numerals being used to designate the severalparts.

Figure 1 is asection on the line was in Fig. 3, looking down, the boltbeing shown in full lines in the locking position and in dotted lines inthe unlocking position; Fig. 2, a rear elevation; Fig. 3, a section onthe line y y in Fig. 1, looking up; Fig. 4, a view of the capplatedetached; Fig. 5, a View of the bolt with all the tumblers in place;Fig. 6, an end view of the bolt as seen from the bottom in Fig. 5; Fig.7, a view of the bolt, showing the operatin g-tu mblers in place, thedriving-tumbler being removed; Fig. 8, a View of the bolt with all thetumblers removed, and Fig. 9 is aninverted plan view of thedriving-tumbler removed.

1 denotes the case, A the bolt as a whole, and 2 a ring which is aportion of the case and retains the bolt in place therein. The boltconsists of a locking portion denoted by 3 and a body portion denoted by4. The movement of the bolt in looking and unlocking is oscillatory, arecess 48 being provided in the case for the bolt to move in, and themovement of three,and on their outer peripheries with an engaging notch8. Between these tumblers I place washers 9 which are provided on theirouter peripheries with lugs 10 which engage a groove 11 in the body tohold the washers against turning with'the tumblers, and with cut awayportions 12 to accommodate thelocking dogas will be more fullyexplained. At the bottom of recess 5 is a rib 13 upon which the lowertumbler rests. This tumbler is provided on its lower side with a pin 14which is adapted to engage a pin lo-carried bya spring arm 16, thelatter being pivoted on the outer side of the body and said pin beingadapted to pass through either one of a series of holes in the bottom ofthe body and into the track of pin 14; Three holes are shown in thepresent instance, said holes being indicated respectively by 2 and 3 r17 denotes the locking'dog which lies in a recess 18 in the body of thebolt and is normally moved inward into engagement with looking notches 8in the tumblers by a spring 19 which is also recessed into the body ofthe v bolt. The inner end of this spring engages a recess 20 in thelocking dog see dotted lines in Fig. 5, so as to permit the dog to bereadily removed by pushing it straight forward and out through recess18. The locking dog is inserted in place from the inner side of thisrecess. v

47, see Fig. 2, denotes a notch in ring 2 which is engaged by thelocking dog when the parts are in the locked position thereby lockingthe bolt firmly to the ring.

B denotes the driving tumbler which is provided-with a flange 21 whichrests upon a shoulder 22 at the outer edge of recess 5 so as to retainthe driving tumbler out of contact with the tumblers. Upon the underside of the driving tumbler is a pin 23 which 'is adapted to engage thelug 7 on the upper tumbler. In the periphery; of the driving tumbler isa notch 24 which is straight upon one side and inclined upon the otherso that in setting up the combination the locking dog will ride down theincline and will engage the straight side of the notch as will bemorefully explained. At the center of the driving tumbler is a hole 25 toreceive the spindle 26, one of said parts, in the present instance thehole in the tumbler, being provided with a rib 27 which engages acorresponding groove in the spindle so that the driving tumbler willalways turn with the spindle. The'outer face of the driving tumbler isprovided with a plurality of series of notches 29, In the presentinstance I have shown said tumbler as provided with circular ribs 28 twoonly being shown although more may be used if preferred, and each rib ashaving formed therein a-nnmber of notches 29, any one of which isadapted to be engaged by alug 30 on a swinging arm 31 which is pivotedin the body, the shank 32 of said arm passing through the body and beingprovided at its lower end with a pointer or finger piece 33.

Upon the outer face of the body are gage marks 34 with which the pointeris adapted to register and which indicate with which one of the circularribs lug 30 is in engagement. The driving tumbler-and the tumblers areretained in position by a cap plate 35 which is held in position by ascrew 36 and a lug 37 which engage recess 18 in the body. See Fig. 3.Upon the outer face of the cap plate are lugs 38 and 39 which determinethe oscillation of swinging arm 31 and between said lugsis a lug 40which is lower than lugs 38 and 39 so as to permit the swinging arm topass over it but is high enough to retain the swinging arm in either oneof its normal positions, that is to say, in a position in which lug 30is in engagement with one of the circular ribs 28.

41 denotes a spring which is secured to the cap plate by screw 36 andthe other end of which bears upon swinging arm 31. This spring isprovided with a hole 42 through which the spindle passes, the latterbeing provided with a collar 43 adapted to bear upon the spring. At theouter end of the spindle is an operatingknob 44 of ordinaryconstruction.

In assembling, the locking dog, tumblers, washers and driving tumblerare placed in their proper positions in the body of the bolt. Theswinging arm and spring 41 are then placed in position and the severalparts then secured in place by attaching the cap plate as alreadydescribed. The belt is then laid in position in the case and ring 2 isplaced over the body of the bolt and secured there by screws 45. Thelock is secured in place by screws 46 which pass through the ring andthe case and engage the wood of the door or drawer upon which the lockis placed.

The operation is as follows: The operator turns the spindle and with itthe driving tumengaged by the locking dog.

bler until the tumblers are picked up one after the other by theengagement of the pins and lugs already described and until pin 14 onthe lower tumbler engages pin 15 on the spring arm which brings all ofthe tumblers to a dead stop. The engaging notch S in the lower tumblerwill now be in position to be The operator then turns the spindle in theopposite direction until all of the tumblers except the lower tumblerare again picked up and the tumbler next to the lower tumbler .is placedin such-a position that the engaging notch 8 in said tumbler willregister with the locking dog, this position being indicated by adefinite number of clicks or stops caused by the engagement of lug 30 onthe swinging arm with the notches 29 in one of the circular ribs. Assoon as the second tumbler has been placed in the unlocking position thespindle is again reversed and turned until the third tumbler is placedin the unlocking position, this position of the third tumbler also beingindicated by a definite number of clicks or stops, this operation beingrepeated as many times as there are tumblers in the look. When the lasttumbler has been placed in position so that the notch will registerwiththe locking dog spring 19 will force the locking dog inward so that theinner end thereof will engage the series of locking notches, it havingbeen stated already that the washers are all cut away to accommodate thelocking dog. As soon as the locking dog has engaged the notchesin thetumblers continued forward movement of the spindle will permit thelocking dog to ride down the inclined side of notch 24 in the drivingtumbler until the locking dog engages the straight'side of said notch.The tumblers and the locking bolt are now locked together by the lockingdog and continued movement of the spindle will swing the bolt from thelocking to the unlocking position, it being of course understood that assoon as the notches 8 all register with the locking dog spring 19 whichcontrols the locking dog will withdraw the latter from notch 47 in thering thereby releasing the bolt and leaving it at the control of thespindle. While the parts are in this position the bolt may be oscillatedfreely by the spindle. When turned forward the combination cannot bebroken up because the locking dog will be in engagement with thestraight side of notch 24 and when the spindle is turned backward thecombination will not be broken up until the bolt has reached the lockingposition for the reason that spring 19 will hold the locking dog inengagement with notch 24 with sulficient force to prevent the lockingdog from riding up the incline thus leaving the bolt at the control ofthe spindle and permitting the bolt to oscillate freely with it. As soonhowever, as the bolt is brought to the locking position its continuedmovement will be stopped by its engagement with wall 49 at the endof therecess in which the bolt oscillates. The locking dog will now be inposition to register with notch 47 and continued movement of the spindlewill cause one end of the dog to ride up the inclined side of recess 24and out of engagement with notches 8 in the tumbler and into engagementwith notch 47 'in the ring thereby disengaging the tumblers from thebolt and locking the bolt to the ring. Continued movement of the spindlewill of course break up the combination, the locking dog being retainedin engagement with notch 47 by the several tumblers, so that the bolt iskept locked to the ring until the combination is again set up.

The combination may be changed in two ways. Supposing'lug on theswinging arm to be in engagement with either of the circular ribs on thedriving tumbler it is obvious that by shifting pin 15 on the spring armand placing it in another of the holes 1, 2 or 3 in the body of thebolt, the position at which the tumblers will come to what I have termedthe dead stop in commencing to set up the combination, will be shifted.As thereare three holes in the body in the present instance it isobvious that three changes in the combination may be made by shiftingpin 15 which shifts the position of the dead stop in setting up thecombination. Other changes in the combination may be made with orwithout changing pin 15 by shifting lug 30 on the swinging arm from oneseries of notches to the other. These changes may be made by simplypressing the pointer and shank inward slightly so that the swinging armwill ride over lug 40 and will lie on the opposite side thereof, that isto say, the swinging arm will .pass from a position between lug 38 andlug 40 to a position between lug 89 and lug 40 or vice versa. As thereare two rings and three holes it follows that six changes may be made inthe combination which must be manipulated to release the bolt from thering and engage it to the spindle. As already stated no dial is used andthe combination is operated either by the sense of feeling or by thesense of hearing. By that I mean that by the sense of touch the operatordetects when lug 30 on the swinging arm drops .into either of thenotches 29 in the circular ribs on the driving tumbler, these stopsbeing also apparent to the sense of hearing as a click will be producedeach time the lug engages a notch. In looking and unlocking drawers,lockers, &c., it is frequently necessary to manipulate the combinationin the dark and also to manipulate it when the hand of the operator maybe more or less numbed with the cold. I have provided for both of theseconditions by the use of spring ll which normally bears lightly upon theswinging arm but which may be pressed inward more or less forcibly bythe engagement therewith of collar 43 so that in manipulating the lockby pressing inward on the spindle the operator may increase theresistance as much as he may desire within rea-' sonable limits so thateach time lug 30passes into a notch on the driving tumbler the stop willbe apparent and quite a loud click will be made. V

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a lock of thecharacter described the combination with an oscillatory bolt consistingof a locking portion and a body portion and provided with a recess toreceive tumblers and a driving tumbler, a spindle and a suitable case,of a locking dog lying in a recess in the bolt and adapted to engage thetumblers when the combination is set up thereby locking the spindle,tumblers and bolt together so that the bolt may be turned to theunlocking position and to engage the case when the bolt is in thelocking position and the combination is broken.

2. The combination with a suitable case, a spindle and an oscillatorybolt having a recess to receive tumblers 6 and a driving turnbler, thelower tumbler 6 being provided with apin 14, and said bolt having holesthrough the body thereof, of an arm 16 carrying a pin 15 adapted to passthrough either of said holes and to lie in the track of pin 14 so as toform an adjustable dead stop for the lower tumbler in setting up thecombination.

3. The combination with the case, spindle, tumblers and bolt of acombination lock and a driving tumbler provided in its outer face withnotches, of an arm 31 having a lug 30 adapted to" engage said notches sothat in setting up the combination the driving tumbler will be checkedeach time said lug comes in engagement with one of the notches.

4. The combination with'a suitable case, a spindle having a collar 43, abolt, tumblers, and a driving tumbler, said driving tumblerbeingprovidedin its outer face with notches, of a swinging arm having alug adapted to engage said notches, a spring adapted to bear upon saidarm and itself engage by collar 43 so that inward pressure upon thespindle will cause said lug to engage the notches with more or lessforce to enable the operator to IIO set up the combination by hearing orby touch, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a suitable'case, a spindle, a bolt, tumblers,and a driving tum bler, said driving tumbler having on its outer face aplurality of series of notches, of a swinging arm having a lug adaptedto engage either of said series of notches so that new combinations maybe made by shifting the lug from one series to another.

6. The combination with a suitable case, a spindle,-a bolt, tumblers,and a driving tumbler, said driving tumbler having on its outer face aplurality of series of notches, of a swinging arm having a lug adaptedto engage either of said series of notches a shank and a pointer bywhich the lug may be shifted from one series to another and suitablemeans for retaining the swinging arm in position after adjustment.

7. The combination with a suitable case, a

spindle and an oscillatory bolt having a recess to receive tumblers 6and the driving tumbler having in its outer face a plurality of seriesof notches the lower tumbler 6 be ing provided with a pin 14E and saidbolt havin g holes through the body thereof, of an arm 16 carrying a pin15 adapted to pass through either of said holes and to lie in the trackof pin 14 so as to form an adjustable dead stop for the lower tumbler insetting up the combination and an arm 31 having a lug 3O adapt- CYRUS F.RAYMOND.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK S. OLMSTED, CHRISTIAN QUIEN.

